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Школа кожевенного мастерства: сумки, ремни своими руками

ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЙ ИЗРАИЛЬСКИЙ ТЕРРОРИЗМ



  СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ


  ЗАПАДНЫЕ ЖУРНАЛИСТЫ
 О РАСИЗМЕ В ИЗРАИЛЕ
 И ПРЕСЛЕДОВАНИИ РУССКИХ


  http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/middle_east/newsid_1369000/1369709.stm

  BBC NEWS

  Uprising spotlights Israel's Russian immigrants

  Immigrants feel the uprising hit them especially hard. The suicide bombing in Tel Aviv on Friday that killed
  20 Israelis has traumatised Israel's one-million strong Russian immigrant community.

  The bomb exploded outside a nightclub popular with Israeli Russians. Its playlist of Russian pop songs
  draws teenagers from Israel's Russian community, which now accounts for a sixth of the country's
  population.

  Internal tensions

  But the attack also highlighted tensions that have existed over more than a decade between Israelis born in
  Israel and those who immigrated from Russia.

  There was an angry reaction among Russian immigrants when Israeli religious leaders questioned whether
  three of the victims should be buried in Jewish cemeteries, as their mothers were not Jewish.

  Guy Chuck, an Israeli who emigrated to Israel from Russia at the age of 14 and now runs a
  communications company in Tel Aviv, told the BBC that there was no "melting pot" in Israel, but that it
  was a multi-cultural society.

  "Certainly there is some misunderstanding between the people from Russia and people who were born
  here," Mr Chuck said.

  Russians bring their own cultural baggage with them, he said, and strive to preserve it in the new country.

  Israelis were not always tolerant of that attitude, and therefore there were misunderstandings, he said.

  "A lot of people in this country, I think, find it difficult to accept that the idea of the melting pot has failed,"
  Mr Chuck said.

  Secular and hawkish

  The Russian community in Israel tends to be secularist, disapproving of the money given to ultra-orthodox
  Jewish institutions, while at the same time being hawkish on security issues.





  Guardian Unlimited   Guardian Newspapers Limited 2001 London

  Immigrants lose hope as they bury children

  Special report: Israel and the Middle East Russians feel robbed of a future in Israel after bombing
  Suzanne Goldenberg in Tel Aviv Monday
  June 4, 2001

  The Guardian

  Yelena and Yulia Nelimov were teenage girls consumed by teenage ambitions: to dress nicely, to have a
  good time, and to spend as many weekends as possible at a seafront disco that was a magnet for young
  immigrants from the former Soviet Union. Yesterday, on the day nine graves were dug for nine consecutive
  funerals at a cemetery north of Tel Aviv, dazed friends and relatives eulogised the extraordinary closeness
  of the sisters - Yelena, 18, and Yulia, 16, - who were among the 19 young Israelis killed by the suicide
  bomb attack on Friday night. "They spent all their time together," said Marina Shniper, 15, their cousin,
  who sometimes used to tag along. "They loved life so much. I never saw them cry; they were always
  laughing." But when the twin coffins draped in the Israeli flag were lowered into the ground there were
  screams of anguish as the Nelimovs' one remaining child, Alexei, was coaxed into reciting the unfamiliar
  prayer for the dead. The girls were regulars at the Water World disco on the Tel Aviv seafront. The disco,
  which played Russian pop songs in the heart of Tel Aviv, symbolised the existence of these young Russian
  immigrants straddling the boundaries of adulthood and mainstream Israeli life. Almost all those killed in the
  attack were from the former Soviet Union, members of an immigrant community vastly increased in the
  past 10 years to account for 1m of Israel's 6.3m citizens. Even before the bombing, the Palestinian uprising
  had claimed a disproportionate share of immigrants from this community, but this latest tragedy was too
  much too bear. "I was in the Russian army, in the special forces, and I saw my comrades wounded. I
  know what that means," the Nelimovs' uncle, Vladimir Shniper, said. "But that was the army. When it
  happens to children, there are no words to describe the horror." Many at Yarkon cemetery yesterday said
  they were no longer sure their future lay in their adopted homeland. "Now that I have seen what is
  happening here I have decided to leave for Canada," said Yuri Poltialov, 21. "I don't see that we have a
  future here; this country has been here for more than 50 years, and all it has seen is war." Arriving here as
  children with the promise of a better life and greater security, the young Russian immigrants watched their
  parents rebuild their lives from scratch, toiling at menial jobs, while the younger generation struggled to fit
  in. Like many of the dead, the Nelimovs were raised by a single parent: their father, who is not Jewish,
  stayed behind in Russia when the girls emigrated with their younger brother, mother, and grandmother six
  years ago. They went the same secondary school in Tel Aviv. "Today I am at my fourth funeral," the
  principal, Avraham Benvinisti, said, "and there are more to come." Only minutes earlier he had stood over
  the grave of another pupil, Irina Nepomniashy, who arrived from Tashkent four years ago and was in the
  business stream at the Shevah-Mofet school. Friends say she was determined to make something of her
  life, to rise above the conditions that trapped her father in a factory job paying less than ё500 a month. But
  her death brought an added cruelty. She was buried away from the other teenagers, shunned by the
  religious authorities because they did not consider her ritually Jewish. Her grave, heaped with bouquets
  and small memorial candles, stands in a cluster of oleander bushes, isolated even from the section of the
  graveyard reserved for the unknown dead, because the religious authorities only recognise Jews born of
  Jewish mothers, and Irina's mother, Raisa, is a Muslim. In the throes of their grief the Nepomniashy family
  did not have the reserves of strength to protest at the insult. They merely gave in to quiet grumbling after
  Raisa was carried from her only daughter's grave in the arms of two friends. A cousin, Alexander
  Nepomniashy, said the justice minister, Meir Shitreet, had promised the family that Irina would be buried
  with her classmates, but when they arrived at the cemetery other arrangements had been made. "She lived
  here with everybody together, so she should have been buried with everyone together," Mr Nepomniashy
  said. "As I see it now, Israel never really accepted her because it would not let her be buried like
  everybody else."






  http://www.russiajournal.com/weekly/article.shtml?ad=1386

  RUSSIAN JOURNAL on-line and ASSOCIATED PRESS

  February 18, 2002 Moscow

  Immigrants give Israel a Russian flavor

  Ten years on, Soviet Jews reshape Israeli society

  JERUSALEM - The saleswoman at a downtown pharmacy switches from accented Hebrew to her native
  Russian, explaining to an elderly customer how to take a prescription drug.

  Around the corner, the Arbat restaurant prepares for the evening rush of its emigre patrons. Posters at a
  nearby video store advertise a visiting Moscow pop star.

  You can get by in Israel these days speaking only Russian.

  Businesses run by immigrants - from travel agencies to non-kosher butchers to Russian-language
  bookstores - dot the country. Newly formed theater groups put on plays in Russian. Immigrants frequent
  Russian cafes and can choose from a dozen Russian-language periodicals.

  In the 10 years since the Kremlin opened the gates to a Jewish exodus, 800,000 former Soviets have
  arrived in Israel. Adding to the 150,000 who came in the 1970s, the immigrants now comprise Israel's
  largest ethnic group.

  (......) .

  The newcomers, among them a large number of academics, doctors and engineers, have left their mark on
  Israel.

  (.......) .

  With the influx of new citizens, Israel's overall education level jumped. Immigrant professors and scientists
  have injected new blood into academic life and Israel's technology industry. The number of professional
  orchestras has swelled from four to 11.

  Yet, (......) many immigrants feel they don't quite belong.

  Yevgeny Soshkin, 25, who edits a magazine sponsored by the Ministry of Immigrant Absorption, avoids
  socializing with longtime Israelis, saying they are too intrusive and unrefined.

  Soshkin's transition from the Ukrainian town of Kharkiv to the Israeli desert backwater of Arad in
  December 1990 was fraught with pain and rejection. In his hometown, he had started attending medical
  college. In Arad, the thin, dark-haired youth had to go back to high school.

  " I suddenly found myself in hell," he says, comparing the unruly classroom to a "monkey cage."

  His parents also had to scale down their expectations. His father, a former military academy lecturer, found
  work as a janitor in a neighborhood of immigrants and his mother teaches biology in high school.

  (..........)

  The transition into Israeli society has been a bumpy ride. An initial euphoria in Israel over the wave of
  Soviet immigrants quickly gave way to mistrust and disdain.

  Strictly observant Jews felt the immigration tide carried too many non-Jews to the country, endangering its
  Jewish character.

  Many Israelis with roots in North African and Middle Eastern countries, who for years encountered
  discrimination by the European-born Ashkenazi elites, envied the privileges granted to the newcomers.

  (.......)

  Some Israelis felt the immigrants were opportunists seizing a way to get out Russia, but caring little for
  Zionist ideology.

  In 1997, 63 percent of longtime Israelis polled for Israel Radio opposed encouraging more immigration
  from the former Soviet Union and 80 percent viewed immigrants as competitors in the workplace. About
  25 percent said they associated "nothing positive" with immigrants.

  Dovish Israelis were angry with the newcomers for espousing hawkish views and accused them of being
  ignorant of Israel's conflict with the Palestinians.

  The immigrants, in turn, complained about a hostile bureaucracy and a sense of isolation. Many could not
  afford a decent apartment on their government stipend. About half the immigrants still don't work in their
  professions. Two-thirds earn less than the average Israeli monthly pay of 6,146 shekels, or about $1,540.

  Some of those suspected of lying about being Jewish had to take humiliating DNA tests. The Interior
  Ministry sometimes refused immigration visas to non-Jewish relatives of young Russian men serving in the
  Israeli army.

  Mikhail Weiskopf, a prominent author who settled in Israel in 1972, says it was easier during the first,
  smaller wave of immigration.

  "We were also met with some hostility, yet there was much less of it," he says. "Integration seems to have
  been easier in those days."

  Squeezed into the same tiny country, the immigrants and longtime residents - themselves one-time
  immigrants or children of immigrants - largely appeared to coexist without trying to understand each other.

  (........)

  By SERGEI SHARGORODSKY / The Associated Press


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НАЗАД ----- ДАЛЬШЕ
     

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